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Topic: Question About 1916 (!) Projector

Simon Wyss
Film Handler

Posts: 80
From: Basel, BS, Switzerland
Registered: Apr 2011

posted 04-08-2014 11:56 AM

quote: Leo Enticknap
that the American manufacturers were severely limited in their ability to sell into the European market

As far as I know about the photographic sound initiatives, there were conflicts not to be underestimated but these got settled with the 1930 Paris sound film agreement. RCA and Western Electric actually shared the entire western world among them while Europe was divided into continent and Britain. Much like the MPPC trust that closed the US from 1909 to 1915 the sound technology was held in firm hands until the patents expired. The last ones run off in 1943.

As a side note, Bell & Howell executives knew already in 1924 that they would lose the studio floor camera realm to Mitchell when 1000-ft. magazines were asked for on Vitaphone cameras. As soons as the Mitchell NC became available, 1927-28, Chicago had no choice than change direction towards a) substandard ciné equipment, b) projectors, also substandard, and c) substantially improved handheld cameras. The Eyemo got a three-port turret in 1929, a high-speed governor in 1930, and in 1931 the reflex shutter system was licenced to Germany.

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Leo Enticknap
Film God

Posts: 7474
From: Loma Linda, CA
Registered: Jul 2000

posted 04-08-2014 06:35 PM

Many thanks.

quote: Simon Wyss
there were conflicts not to be underestimated but these got settled with the 1930 Paris sound film agreement.

That's really what I meant by "severely limited". Unlike in the rest of the world, there had been significant invention and patent activity in Europe (mainly Tobis/Tri-Ergon) in that area by the time the American systems were ready for the market. That was why the ERPI conference/settlement had to happen at all, and also why in Britain, various rebadgings and ripoffs happened in order to circumvent the agreement, e.g. Visatone-Marconi (almost certainly reverse-engineered RCA Photophone) and British Acoustic Film (rebadged Tri-Ergon/Tobis).

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Simon Wyss
Film Handler

Posts: 80
From: Basel, BS, Switzerland
Registered: Apr 2011

posted 04-10-2014 02:12 AM

The inventors:

Eugène Augustin Lauste (b. Jan. 17, 1857, d. Jun. 27, 1935) pat. app. Aug. 11, 1906 by Robert Thorn Haines, iss. 1907

Sven Archadiusson Berglund (b. Jul. 20, 1881, d. May 1937), early work in 1906, DRP 282'778, Aug. 28, 1912; world’s first public presentation of synch sound film in Stockholm, Feb. 17, 1921; multiple strand var. ar.

Boyer, Cinéphone 1913 (?)

Dénes v. Mihály (b. Jul. 7, 1894, d. Aug. 29., 1953), var. dens. with tungsten arc lamp 1914, Projectophon pat. 1917, then joins with Bristol (Bristolophone)

Theodor W. Case, Earl Ives Sponable, Case Research Lab. 1916, var. dens. AEO Light Nov. 1922 (Thalofide Cell), sold to Fox in 1926; Fox Movietone News Apr. 30, 1927

Hans Vogt, Joseph Massolle, Dr. Jo Engl, Tri-Ergon 1918, 42-mm. film, premiere Sep. 17, 1922 at Alhambra, Berlin; Jul. 5, 1927 U. S. licence to Fox against $50,000; licence to UFA for Germany, to be cont. as option to world rights until Dec. 31, 1925, contract until Jun. 30, 1940

Lee de Forest, begins 1919, first sound film Jul. 9, 1921, Nov. 1922 with Case, acquires rights from E. E. Ries patent Nov. 16, 1926 (app. 1913, iss. 1923); Forest Audion Tube US pat. 841,386 Jan. 15, 1907; Robert v. Lieben, Kathodenstrahlrelais 1906

Bullis, Whitson; pat. phot. sound proc. 1920

Harry Grindell-Matthews, sound film Sep. 26, 1921; see U K Wikipedia

Charles Hoxie (Pallophotophone) and C. W. Hewlett experiment at RCA, Bell Telephone Labs Dec. 27, 1924; RCA Photophone, Inc. Mar. 22, 1927; resonance at 10 kHz

Joseph Tykociner Tykocinski leaves Westinghouse in 1921, var. dens., picture and sound between hole rows of standard film Jun. 9, 1922 Univ. ILL

Axel Petersen and Arnold Poulsen var. ar. Oct. 12, 1923 in Copenhagen, two films; licence to Deutsche Tonfilm-Ag. in 1926, from there to TOBIS; lic. to Léon G. (Cinéphone Gaumont-Petersen-Poulsen, 1928); Ortofon AS 1951

Dr. Edward Christopher Wente, condens. microphone US pat. 1,333,744 Mar. 16, 1920, and ? Nakken with Bell Tel. Labs, perfected Jun. 8, 1926; var. dens., resonance at 9500 Hz, loudspeaker built by J. P. Maxfield in 1925; to Warner Bros. 1930

Erwin Gerlach with Siemens & Halske, var. ar. 1927; Kerr cell by Prof. Karolus, 1927

Selenophon-Gesellschaft, Vienna 1929, diss. by Nazi Germany in 1938; var. ar. and var. dens., resonance at 14 kHz

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