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Topic: Mac User Needs Advice - Buying a Windows Computer
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Stephen Furley
Film God

Posts: 3059
From: Coulsdon, Croydon, England
Registered: May 2002
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posted 03-31-2012 06:06 AM
quote: Bobby Henderson I don't know the exact cut-off in terms of cable length but at a certain point you have to go to RS-485. We have had to use RS-485 on a few message centers where the customer insisted on having a hard line run from the computer to the sign, but didn't want to spend the extra coin for a fiber optic connection. Some of that savings gets spent on surge protection from lightning strikes.
The official limit for RS-232 is 50 feet, but in the days before network connectible printers I've driven them about three times that distance at 19,200 over four-core unscreened burglar alarm cable.
RS-422 is the differential version, which can go much further, but I can't remember the figure. It specifies Voltage levels etc., but not connector types, and I don't think flow control, which would be done in software at a higher level. It's just a means of getting fairly small numbers of bits from one place to another; it can reach a few Mb/s over short distances. Many other interfaces use RS-422 at the physical layer, including RS-485 which is a multi-drop bus which allows several devices to be daisy-chained, we have it at work for the entrance barriers; the security server talks Ethernet to the first barrier controller, that talks RS-485 to each of the other controllers, and the controllers talk some sort of point to point serial, I think it's RS-422, to the barriers themselves and the contactless card readers on them.
I think AES/EBU digital audio, uses RS-422 at the physical layer, can anybody confirm this?, as do several of the digital lighting control systems.
IP over Ethernet to a controller, and then some sort of serial to whatever is being monitored and controlled is very common, and USB is almost never used for this sort of thing. The distances involved are typically greater than USB can handle, and the data involved are tiny.
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