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Topic: France Kills Silver Screen
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Leo Enticknap
Film God

Posts: 7474
From: Loma Linda, CA
Registered: Jul 2000
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posted 06-07-2012 11:17 PM
quote: Frank Cox What is the CNC and how did they get veto power over this stuff?
I don't want to get into the realms of politics, and so the following is a simple statement of fact as I understand it: basically, the French government has, continuously since the 1920s, played a very big role in its film industry. It started with the "contingentement" laws in, IIRC, 1929, which limited the proportion of foreign films that could play on French screens (similar laws were passed throughout western Europe at around the same time). In 1946 the CNC (originally called the Centre national de la cinématographie) was formed - it was similar in idea to the British Film Institute, but unlike the BFI it had legal teeth with which to regulate the industry in various ways. In the late '40s and '50s, figures such as Henri Langlois and André Malraux campaigned for the film industry in France to be seen more as a kind of state-run symbol of national prestige than business pure and simple, and the idea stuck. The Avance sur recettes system, started in 1959, basically charged a tax on all theatre admissions which went into a fund to loan money to filmmakers. If their films made a profit, they paid back the loan: if they didn't, they didn't have to.
Jumping forward, the CNC played a big part in the 1984 GATT negotiations, getting involved in a huge argument with the MPAA over the issue as to whether films should be regarded as any other internationally traded product (which would have meant France giving up the right to charge import tariffs on them) or a culturaly protected product (giving France the right to use import tariffs to protect its domestic film industry). David Puttnam's book The Undeclared War makes for a fascinating read on this episode.
The basic answer to Frank's question is that along the way, the CNC picked up the power to set and enforce technical standards in at least some of France's theatres; though I'm not sure if this applies to all of them or what the criteria are.
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