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This topic comprises 4 pages: 1 2 3 4
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Author
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Topic: Use Your Safety Gear
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Ken Lackner
Phenomenal Film Handler

Posts: 1907
From: Atlanta, GA, USA
Registered: Sep 2001
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posted 04-25-2002 05:56 PM
When I was at my new theater today, the subject of bulb safety gear came up. Like many people I know, these projectionists never bother to use the safety gear. I always do. Anyway, one of the managers said that when the bulb is cool, it's not under any pressure, and even if it were to explode, the face mask and leather jacket wouldn't do anything. The glass would go right through. (He told the story of how one time he through a bulb into a dumpster, watched it explode, and saw fragments of glass in the metal! Thus, if it can puncture metal, it will puncture leather and plastic.) I guess he was basically trying to say that wearing the safety gear is a false sense of security. I do not agree. So, does anyone have any stories to tell of how wearing the safety gear did protect them in an explosion?
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Paul G. Thompson
The Weenie Man

Posts: 4718
From: Mount Vernon WA USA
Registered: Nov 2000
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posted 04-25-2002 07:34 PM
Ken:The manager is slightly and dangerously mis-informed!!!!
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Matt Jahans
Film Handler
Posts: 5
From: Slough, UK
Registered: Dec 2002
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posted 02-16-2004 10:15 AM
I saw this thread and thought that I'd add a few words. Apologies in advance if I cannot reply immediately as I am often on site visits, so not at my desk.
It's good to see this topic being highlighted. It’s amazing how many people are not aware of the risks. At TLS UK Ltd. we offer Xenon lamp training for our customers (also the BKSTS technical road show) and explosion safety is a big topic.
To begin with a Xenon lamp when cold is at 8 - 10 BAR of internal pressure, once ignited this increases to 30 BAR until the lamp cools; this is the reason why the lamp is explosive.
As highlighted in previous posts, it is advisable to wear protective equipment: Full-face visor, Kevlar Jacket and gauntlets. I would also recommend returning the lamp to its safety case as soon as possible during lamp removal, not all lamp houses allow this until the lamp is removed through the mirror. This safety case does contain an explosion provided it is of a sturdy build - OSRAM's for example. I personally wouldn't like to test an ORC or LTI cellophane wrap.
Reasons for explosion: The three most common reasons for explosion tend to be Recrystallization, Transit Damage and Mis-handling.
1) Recrystallization (or de-vitrification) means that the structure of the quartz glass changes from the glass phase back into the crystalline phase. This is caused by high bulb temperatures, typically 700 degrees C, and a temperature cycle. This initially causes the glass to lose its strength and can be seen in advance stages as opaque areas. After 25% above warranty life, an XBO lamp has usually recrystallized to such an extent that there is a considerably increased risk of the bulb bursting. For this reason be very careful if you are running your lamps for many hours. If due to financial reasons you are forced to run your lamps more than 25% above warranty, do regularly inspect the bulb glass - if any signs of abnormal white / greyish marks are seen, remove the lamp immediately.
2) A lamp can sometimes be damaged during delivery; lorry drivers not handling lamps correctly can cause such transit damage. This usually weakens the graded seals on the lamp, which can cause an air leak and in extreme circumstances an explosion. Transit damage will usually be noticed within the first 50 - 100 hours.
3)Mis-handling damage usually occurs if a projectionist applies force through the bulb glass on installation. A typical example would be a threaded negative pin lamp being screwed by twisting from the positive end; all the twisting motion is applied through the glass. This damage again will manifest early in lamp life.
REMEMBER: There is enough energy stored in the lamp bulb to send quartz splinters flying several meters across a room if a lamp bursts.
The above information relates to OSRAM and other reputable brands Ushio / Christie etc. Some of the cheaper brands are likely to re-crystallize earlier, be careful.
I hope this was of interest
Regards
Matt Jahans
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This topic comprises 4 pages: 1 2 3 4
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