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Author Topic: First Twin Theatre
Richard C. Wolfe
Master Film Handler

Posts: 250
From: Northampton, PA, USA
Registered: Apr 2000


 - posted 09-17-2000 08:05 PM      Profile for Richard C. Wolfe   Author's Homepage   Email Richard C. Wolfe   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Gordon:

The theatre for which you speak, The Winter Garden did indeed open in Feb. 1914 It's sister theatre below, on ground level, originally called the Yonge Street opened in Dec. of 1913. Both houses were originally designed for vaudeville and featured eight acts of such along with several film shorts. The Yonge Street ran continuous all day while the Winter Garden ran only one evening show with reserved seats.

With the death of both silent films and vaudeville the Winter Garden was closed by 1930 not to reopen again until after the theatre complexe was completely restored as a performing arts center during the 1980s.

In 1935, a few years after the closing of the Winter Garden the theatre was remodeled and the name shortened to just LOEW'S.

Originally I was looking for the first twin movie theatre in the US, where both auditoriums ran movies on a full time basis as their main bill of fare. I did that as I believe that we all here are associated with the motion picture business. If I was interested in the first twin theatre per say, including live theatres as well...then the first would be much older as the idea of housing two auditoriums in one building goes back to the 1890s in New York when it became popular to add a "roof garden" theatre above an existing theatre so that they could continue summer programing in those pre air conditioning days. The outdoor roofgardens eventually were closed in and became 2nd indoor auditoriums so that they could be used year-round. The first New York theatre built with a permanent indoor upper floor auditorium was the New Amsterdam in 1903 on 42nd Street.

Loew's first double decker theatre was the American in New York City. It was originally built in 1893 by others. Marcus Loew aquired the building and made it the headquarters of his emerging theatre empire. In 1909 he added the 2nd auditorium above the American and called it the Winter Garden. This theatre was the prototype for his new theatre to be built in Toronto. The New York Winter Garden was designed to look like an outdoor garden with trees, vines and trellaces and looked very much like the later Toronto one. When Loew submitted plans to the Toronto authorities for his piggyback theatre, they were reluctant to approve it as they had never seen anything like it and were concerned with how people would safely exit in case of fire. Loew and his architect, Thomas Lamb, brought the officials to New York to see his piggy back theatres there and convinced them that they had nothing to worry about.

While the American and the Yonge Street and their respective upper level Winter Garden theatres, as well as others, ran a combination of vaudeville and film...it is still my belief that the Century/Valencia theatres in Baltimore were the first true twin movie theatres. What constitutes a full time movie theatre is certainly a subject open to debate. The Baltimore facility seems to be without a doubt the first in the US. If we are including all of North America (and who knows about the rest of the world)and we include combination houses, and legitimate theatres as well...then it will have to go to the New Amsterdam in NY. (1903)

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Gordon McLeod
Film God

Posts: 9532
From: Toronto Ontario Canada
Registered: Jun 99


 - posted 09-17-2000 08:34 PM      Profile for Gordon McLeod   Email Gordon McLeod   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Actually the Lower theatre opened as the Leows (only not the Younge I have the opening advert)
The oper theatre ran bicycled films and closed in 1924 to reopen for after a fire in the lower theatre destroyed the original warren organ (replaced by a 3/18 wurlitzer ((now in Picton ont))
The upper theatre never converted to sound
but through out its brief life always ran bicycled stage and film shows from the downstairs theatre
Also it was also open on a continous show basis according to there adds in the Telegram
If you wish I can scan pictures that I took while it was abandoned some of which were published in the Book Turn out the Stars Before Leaving by John C. Lindsay


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Dave Bird
Jedi Master Film Handler

Posts: 777
From: Perth, Ontario, Canada
Registered: Jun 2000


 - posted 09-17-2000 08:43 PM      Profile for Dave Bird   Author's Homepage   Email Dave Bird   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
No kidding Gordon? Is the Wurlitzer at the "Regent" in Picton? The folks down there haven't got as much cash for the refurb as I know they'd like, but that's a fine little house, at one time the main vaudeville stop between Toronto and Montreal I'm told. Slowly but surely, they're getting it done.

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Richard C. Wolfe
Master Film Handler

Posts: 250
From: Northampton, PA, USA
Registered: Apr 2000


 - posted 09-17-2000 11:22 PM      Profile for Richard C. Wolfe   Author's Homepage   Email Richard C. Wolfe   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
I have many photos of the Loew's Yonge Street/Winter Garden, LOEW'S, and the Elgin/Winter Garden Theatre. I also have the books "Turn Out the Stars..." and "Double Take, the story of the Elgin and Winter Garden Theatres". I have also toured the complete facility after it's restoration. I wish I could have seen it before. There are early pictures of the theatre showing a marquee advertising "LOEW'S YONGE STREET". Also the original blueprints are labeled Loew's Yonge Street Theatre. If you study Loew's management history you will discover it was the norm for them to often not use the actual name of the theatre in advertising. I know of numerous houses that they owned in this region (Pa.) whereby even though the name of the theatre was the Colonial or the Regent, and that is what it said on the marquee, the upright sign always said only LOEW'S and all newspaper advertising as well as printed handouts ONLY said LOEW'S!

Your mentioning of the bicycling of the shows from downstairs to upstairs is correct and is proof that it wasn't the first ture twin theatre. It was in effect a theatre with two auditoriums running the same program in both. The whole idea of a twin movie theatre is to share costs of one facility while having the income of two. That is where the Century/Valencia garners the title as first as it did exhibit two completely different programs with separate admissions while sharing the same facility.

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Gordon McLeod
Film God

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From: Toronto Ontario Canada
Registered: Jun 99


 - posted 09-18-2000 09:05 AM      Profile for Gordon McLeod   Email Gordon McLeod   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Until it's restoration the original handcranked simplexs sat in the booth as they were not worth removeing (3 point bases never any sounr and Hall and conolly lamps)
Before the building was sold we moved the machines out for there museum and set up two Kinotones and ran Mary Pickfords My Best Girl on the original screen from the original booth with Horace Lapp accomanying it.
Since there were no seats everyone sat on Lawn chairs
The picture in the book of the booth exterior was taken during the show

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Richard C. Wolfe
Master Film Handler

Posts: 250
From: Northampton, PA, USA
Registered: Apr 2000


 - posted 09-18-2000 03:45 PM      Profile for Richard C. Wolfe   Author's Homepage   Email Richard C. Wolfe   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
The Elgin/Winter Garden is in my opinion one of the finest restorations anywhere. You are so lucky to have it in your backyard where you can enjoy it whenever you want.

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Mark Gulbrandsen
Resident Trollmaster

Posts: 16657
From: Music City
Registered: Jun 99


 - posted 09-28-2000 06:07 PM      Profile for Mark Gulbrandsen   Email Mark Gulbrandsen   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Gordon, Shame on you for not running the film on the old Simplexes!!
Mark

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System Notices
Forum Watchdog / Soup Nazi

Posts: 215

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 - posted 09-13-2011 09:36 AM      Profile for System Notices         Edit/Delete Post 

It has been 4001 days since the last post.


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Martin McCaffery
Film God

Posts: 2481
From: Montgomery, AL
Registered: Jun 99


 - posted 09-13-2011 09:36 AM      Profile for Martin McCaffery   Author's Homepage   Email Martin McCaffery   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
Not the oldest, but this is interesting.

Last night someone dropped off a bunch of old theatre blueprints from an closed architect firm. Among them were the 1934 blueprints for the Macon Theatre in Tuskegee, AL.

My notes for the theatre have it listed as a "colored" theatre in 1931, with this annotation: "Listed as a twin theatre on Sanborn Map [1929-1955]. May have been split for segregation. Seems to indicate shared projection booth. Built on the location of a hotel."

The theatre is listed in city directories up to 1977.

The 1934 blueprints clearly indicate it was a single building with two separate theatres -- a "white theater" and a "negro theatre" that shared a common projection booth. Separate lobbies, ticket booths and marquees.

Google maps makes it look like the building is still standing, I'll have to make a trip to see.

It is not at all uncommon, especially here in the South, but also up North, to have the single theater segregated either by side or balcony is for blacks, with separate ticket windows, etc. This is the first time I've run across a theater built as a segregated twin.

Anyone else run across something like this?

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Manny Knowles
"What are these things and WHY are they BLUE???"

Posts: 4247
From: Bloomington, IN, USA
Registered: Feb 2002


 - posted 09-13-2011 10:07 AM      Profile for Manny Knowles   Email Manny Knowles   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
The Savoy Theatre in downtown Nassau (Bahamas) was reportedly segregated, but not a "twinned" theatre. Instead, the balcony was designated for "Whites Only." Drinking fountains were similarly segregated. The Savoy was about to close down by the time I saw "Sidecar Racers" there in the mid-1970s. By then, the cinema was integrated, but I can recall seeing signage at a drinking fountain.

As for the original topic. Shrug. Maybe I'm just not a huge history buff, or maybe it really doesn't matter that much. This is one of those cases where I don't personally care what the real story is. AMC took the credit and it went unchallenged.

I'm reminded of the line at the end of "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance."

quote:
When the legend is more interesting than the facts, print the legend!
(or words to similar effect.)

So, the answer is still -- Stan Durwood and AMC [Razz]

Let the flames begin! [evil]

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Martin McCaffery
Film God

Posts: 2481
From: Montgomery, AL
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 - posted 09-13-2011 10:26 AM      Profile for Martin McCaffery   Author's Homepage   Email Martin McCaffery   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
quote: Manny Knowles
The Savoy Theatre in downtown Nassau (Bahamas) was reportedly segregated, but not a "twinned" theatre. Instead, the balcony was designated for "Whites Only."
That's and interesting cultural switch. I've never seen a segregated theatre in the States where the Whites had to sit in the balcony.

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Manny Knowles
"What are these things and WHY are they BLUE???"

Posts: 4247
From: Bloomington, IN, USA
Registered: Feb 2002


 - posted 09-13-2011 10:37 AM      Profile for Manny Knowles   Email Manny Knowles   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
The balcony had better sight lines, more legroom, wider seats and stadium seating. Ground level seating was awful.

Smoking was also permitted in the balcony only. Hard to imagine today, but this was seen as a perk back in those days. I remember the cigarette vending machine at the foot of the stairs to the balcony in one of the Savoy's sister theares, The Shirley Street Theatre, which is the theatre I frequented throughout my youth.

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Mike Blakesley
Film God

Posts: 12767
From: Forsyth, Montana
Registered: Jun 99


 - posted 09-13-2011 06:43 PM      Profile for Mike Blakesley   Author's Homepage   Email Mike Blakesley   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
quote: Manny Knowles
Smoking was also permitted in the balcony only. Hard to imagine today, but this was seen as a perk back in those days.
When I got into the business our balcony was a smoking area. That was one of the first things we changed...took some heat for it and lost some customers, but probably gained some.

There's no record of this theatre ever being segregated though.

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Mike Rivest
Expert Film Handler

Posts: 185
From: Montréal QC Canada
Registered: Nov 2009


 - posted 11-22-2011 05:03 PM      Profile for Mike Rivest   Email Mike Rivest   Send New Private Message       Edit/Delete Post 
1904

"Cinematografo Moderno & Cinematografo Modernetto in Rome were the first purpose built cinemas to open in Rome. They were twin screens, located side-by-side, opening in 1904 under the direction of Italian cinema pioneer Filoteo Alberini."

It's now a 5-plex called Space Cinema Moderno

http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/24931

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System Notices
Forum Watchdog / Soup Nazi

Posts: 215

Registered: Apr 2004


 - posted 12-11-2014 07:38 PM      Profile for System Notices         Edit/Delete Post 

It has been 1115 days since the last post.


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