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Topic: The Incredibles Print - Reel Change Indicators
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Frank Angel
Film God
Posts: 5305
From: Brooklyn NY USA
Registered: Dec 1999
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posted 11-09-2004 01:10 AM
Yes, as do I. If the print has been plattered as nearly all have that I run, I don't even need the extra visual....the splice itself is easily enough seen going into the gate. In the Simplexes, you can see it hit the framing window and that is three frames from black.
But that still begs the question, why two different numbers of frames; why change it? Many projectionists still go by cues alone. If the older guys do it the old fashioned way, by cues alone, then they have learned to mentally time when to push the c/o button. Now that timing, that one-count, that "beat" if you will, will be different....and for no good reason that I can see. And what's worse, is he now supposed to memorize two different "beats" -- one for footage sync leaders and one for seconds sync leaders? Again, what's the point of having two different number of frames from the last cue to black? So some anal guys on the subcommitte can have it nice and neat -- on the seconds leader, one second to black and on the footage leader, one foot to black? It's silly.
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Jeffry L. Johnson
Jedi Master Film Handler
Posts: 809
From: Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Registered: Apr 2000
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posted 11-12-2004 07:13 PM
The dual standards (dueling?) were created in 1965 with the publication of the proposal for the SMPTE Universal Leader.
The television film industry quickly adopted the Universal Leader standard. The motion picture exhibition industry generally kept using the original "Academy" leader standard, adding new information as necessary.
Some laboratories adopted the Universal Leader and cue mark spacing. Others kept using the "Academy" leader and cue mark spacing. At least one laboratory kept using the "Academy" leader but converted to the SMPTE Universal Leader cue mark spacing.
The SMPTE Working Group on Leaders and Cue Marks (L6.38) Preliminary Report (1988 October) "confirmed that virtually all broadcast material is now distributed on tape", "that the parties affected by the leader are almost exclusively theatre, post-production and archival projectionists", and that "the changeover cues vary from one lab to another".
N. R. Olding, Subcommittee Chairman; "The SMPTE Universal Leader for Release Prints," Journal of the SMPTE, 74:34-35, 1965 January. quote:
History
For many years the "Academy Leader" was in general use. In this leader the count-down was based on 16 frames of 1 foot of 35mm film, a holdover from the silent films in which the 16-frame spacing was equated in terms representing feet of film or seconds in running or projection time.
In 1950, the growing use of film in television production made it evident that some changes were highly desirable. An SMPTE Subcommittee under the chairmanship of C. L. Townsend was set up to revise the Academy Leader to fulfill the new requirements. This subcommittee, in cooperation with producers, laboratories, projectionists and broadcasters, developed a new All-Purpose Leader, commonly called the Society Leader; it was accepted for trial and has since served the industry. That Subcommittee considered 24-frame spacing for threading cues; but the change in spacing was dropped to avoid confusion.
Since 1951, private and commercial use of 16mm and the use of 35mm and 16mm film by television broadcasters has increased rapidly. In 1958, the requirement for 24-frame, 1-second, spacing of threading cues, to fit in with projection and TV cuing practices, was again brought to the attention of officers of the SMPTE and was passed by them to the Television Committee Chairman, W. T. Wintringham, for action.
quote:
Although it was not to become part of the leader, in order to standardize on the seconds basis, the spacing of the motor and changeover cues has been reduced from the present 172 frames to 168 frames or 7-sec running time. The Subcommittee had hoped to reduce the changeover cue to 5 sec but yielded to pleas for more time to permit older machines to reach stable operating speeds.
SMPTE 301, designed to be exclusively a motion picture projection leader, returned to the Academy Leader specifications for 16-frame units (film feet) and cue mark spacing.
[ 11-13-2004, 10:19 AM: Message edited by: Jeffry L. Johnson ]
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